整合性儲運規劃模式建立與應用：以面板業為例

Formulation and Application of an Integrated Logistics Planning Model: A Case Study of TFT-LCD Industry

在複雜的製造分工以及競爭激烈的全球市場中，如果第三方物流業者提供之運輸服務能夠與製造廠商的生產流程互相搭配結合，而製造商也能將運輸活動納入生產活動加以考量，並與下游市場的需求相互結合，則整合性之運輸服務必能創造相當之附加價值，甚至可能成為影響製造業生產策略之主要因素。本研究在總成本最小化之目標下，建立一個包含製造與運輸規劃之整體模式，並以滾動方式求解以因應需求之不確定性。案例分析結果顯示，在面臨不確定需求環境下，滾動模式優於靜態規劃方式；同時，受海運與空運運輸價差之影響，海運仍然是最主要的運輸方式。運輸型態之分布除明顯受顧客需求量影響外，亦受運輸班次影響。另外，兩岸空運直航雖可提高業者對上海地區空運之使用意願，但實證分析結果顯示，空運與海運之價差仍相當明顯，直航所造成空運量之增加並不如預期。

In a complex co-producing and competitive global market, an integrated logistics system would add significant value to a manufacturer; if the transportation service provided by third party logistics could be coordinated with the manufacturer's production process in which downstream market demand information is incorporated. Besides, the integrated logistics system can even become a major factor affecting the manufacturer's production strategy. This study formulated au integrated model to minimize the total cost of production and transportation. A roll-over approach was then adopted to solve the optimization problem so as to cope with uncertain demands. Results from the case study indicated that under an uncertain demand environment, the roll-over approach performed better than a one-time static decision approach. Furthermore, influenced by pricing gap between marine and air transportation, marine was still the major transportation mode. As to the distribution of the shipment, it is influenced not only by customers' demand hut also by the frequency of transportation services. In addition, the empirical study result also suggested that the increase of air freight transportation demand to Shanghai resulting from the direct cross-strait operation might not he as expected due to cost difference between marine and air transportation, although the willingness of using air transportation is increased.