都市計程車招呼站區位規劃模式

A Location-allocation Model for Urban Taxi-stands Planning

本研究以地區整體規劃的角度建構計程車招呼站區位規劃模式，使用有容量限制覆蓋模式作為建構基礎，模式追求設置招呼站數量最少及總乘客步行距離最小兩個目標，並利用灰數處理不明確的參數，屬於多目標灰色整數規劃問題。本研究將模式應用於臺北市中山區進行實例分析，利用ε--限制法及灰色整數規劃法進行求解。實例分析規劃招呼站設置個數介於20～77個，平均每位乘客步行距離為114.3～274.6公尺，此結果可具體提供決策者劃設招呼站的參考。敏感度分析發現，增加招呼站容量可降低招呼站設置數量及減少乘客步行距離，若增加招呼站計程車運具分配比例會略微增加乘客步行距離。

This study aims at developing a location-allocation model for taxi stands planning according to the perspective of district planning. The model was developed based on the Capacitated Location Set Covering Problem. The objectives of the proposed model are to minimize the number of taxi stands and the total passenger walking distance. The grey numbers were employed to deal with parameter uncertainties and the model was developed as a multi-objective grey integer programming. A case study on the Zhongshan District of Taipei City has been conducted. The ε-constraint and grey integer programming approaches were employed to solve the model. The analysis results showed that the optimal number of taxi stands ranges from 20 to 77 and each passenger walking distance is between 114.3 and 274.6 meters on average. Through sensitivity analysis, increasing parking spaces for waiting passengers at taxi stands can reduce planned stand number and passenger walking distances. If the market share of taxi-taking passengers grows, then passenger's walking distance will increase slightly.