考慮供需互動之航空貨運網路航線班機頻次規劃

Flight Frequency Determination on an Airline Cargo Network with Demand-Supply Interactions

本研究針對航空公司多對多貨運網路，考慮貨主運送貨物之需求特性，構建航空貨運網路數學規劃模式，探討航空公司因應供需互動下之貨運網路航線班機頻次規劃問題。本研究於需求面考慮貨主之貨物起迄特性、數量與價值、託運時間，以貨主之運輸成本與存貨成本總和最小為基礎構建貨主對運送航線方案選擇模式；並於供給面考慮航空公司貨運航線網路結構，以數學規劃模式構建最大化利潤下之航空公司貨運網路航線班機頻次規劃模式。首先本研究提出一供需互動架構，考慮貨主對運送航線方案選擇與航空公司貨運網路規劃結果間之互動變化，設計演算法求解最適貨運航線班機頻次。最後，以一國籍航空公司為例，並蒐集相關資料驗証模式可行性。研究結果顯示當貨物價值愈高，貨主較傾向以直運航線運送；起迄距離愈遠之航線，較適於規劃大型機型；另外，空運中心的地理位置亦將影響貨主對轉運航線的選擇。

This study develops a model for determining the flight frequency and aircraft type on each route operated by an air cargo carrier. The model is composed of two submodels which include a shipping alternative choice model for shippers and a flight frequency determination programming model for airlines. The shipping alternative choice model assumes shippers with different demand characteristics choose the alternative with the least transportation and inventory costs among a choice set which comprises a variety of alternatives represented by competitive airline route service. The flight frequency determination programming model is formulated using mathematical programming model by maximizing airlines profits to determine the flight frequencies with optimum aircraft type on each route under many-to-many demand pattern. Then, the demand-supply interactions between air carriers and shippers are analyzed by integrating these two submodels. The study also designs the solution algorithm to determine the optimal air cargo flight frequency with aircraft type on each route. Finally, we illustrate an airline cargo network and collect necessary data to prove the feasibility of the model and to show the significance of results.