地下捷運車站避難安全性因素分析－－以公館站為例

Evacuation Safety Factors of Underground Rapid Transit Stations - An Empirical Case Study at Kungkuan Station

本研究主要建立一可以反映地下捷運車站避難安全程度之評估模式，攝以評估地下捷連車站避難安全程度及分析危險因子。本研究首先將捷運車站避難安全之因素，予以系統化並建立評估祭構。再應用多準則評分法篩選出主要影響車站避難安全之因素，並藉由模糊分析層級程序法決定模糊相對權重，以模糊統計方法構建出各評估準則之隸屬函數，藉以進行避難安全程度之模糊綜合評判分析。經由兩次的專家學者問卷調查分析，本研究共篩選出四個標的層面及12項準則。經以公館站進行實例分析，由綜合評判分析與敏風度分析，顯示評估模式具可操作性及實用性。本研究之分析結果，可以作為捷運營運管理單位針對各項避難安全性因素研擬因應對策之參考。

The purpose of this study is to set up an assessment model to investigate the evacuation safety level of underground rapid transit stations and to analyze the factors of hazards. This study first systematizesthe factors of evacuation safety of rapid transit stations and builds a fuzzy synthetic decision structure. Then it screens the crucial factors affecting station evacuation safety by using a multi-criteria scoring method, decides fuzzy weights by using a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP), and derives the membership functions of each criterion by using a fuzzy statistics technique. This study takes two surveys of experts and scholars, selects and screens four objectives and twelve criteria. With the fuzzy synthetic decision and sensitivity analysis of an empirical case at Kungkuan station, it is shown that the evacuation safety evaluation model is operational and practical. The findings and results of this study could be used for deriving evacuation improvements of underground rapid transit stations.