做為文化隱喻的旅程：英國文學裡的時空地誌與隱喻性跨界

Spatiotemporal Topographies and Metaphorical Border-crossings in English Literature

在本論文中，作者研究時間和空間的概念如何總是被呈現為結構和主要的文學及藝術，並用於勾勒及排序我們對世界的再現（敘事法）。時間一般藉由地誌模型的方法而被再現為空間，特別是「旅途隱喻」。在英文寫作的小說中，一個對於這種隱喻的轉變情形的簡單探討就能使作者展示出當我們邁進二十世紀時，線性的敘事手法是如何開始崩解。在文化術語中，十分有趣的，隱喻以符號替換的觀點傳統地被想像，也就是說，時間被建構為地理空間。然而，一個如此的地形學模型例描述了主體／地方／地誌作為被邊界分割的鄰近區域，或是最好的情況下，解構的鴻溝。企圖去瞭解世界作為一個複雜動態開放式系統的數量包括視覺的新隱喻，而有一無法和他者脫離思考或存在的張力位於推類的明顯分割元素，及代理性的（表演性的）主體的中間。地誌性地測繪做為空間的時間會消除它的動力樣式。因此時空皆需要同時被思考並再現為同一連續系統的一部分，並帶著包含在頭腦裡同時（在sinchrony及diachrony中）舉行的隱喻互作用代理性主體（或想法的系統），以及他們所有的複雜性。

In this paper the author studies how the concepts of time and space have always been present both as structure and theme in literature and art, used to configure and order our representations (narratives) of the world. Time is generally represented as space by means of topographical models, particularly”the journey metaphor”. A brief exploration of the changing conditions of this metaphor in fiction written in English enables the author to show the how linear narrative patterns begins to break as we approach the 20thcentury. In cultural terms, it is interesting that metaphor has been traditionally conceived in terms of semiotic substitution, that is, time constructed as geographical space. However, a topographical model such as this describes subjectivities/places/topoi as adjacent areas separated by borders or, in the best case, deconstructive gaps. The number of attempts to understand the world as a complex dynamic open system includes new visions of metaphor where there is a tension between the apparently separated elements of the analogy and where the agentive (performative) subjects cannot be thought nor exist one without the Other. Mapping time topographically as space eliminates its dynamic patterns. Therefore space-time needs to be simultaneously thought and represented as part of the same continuum, with the agentive-subjects (or systems of ideas) within the metaphorical interaction held in mind at the same time (in sinchrony and diachrony) and in all their complexity.