姐妹們，Lokah！培力原住民族婦女參與家暴防治初級預防的實踐與反思

Lokah! Empowering Indigenous Women in Participating in a Domestic Violence Prevention Primary Project in a Tribe: Practices and Reflections

原住民家庭暴力的發生鑲嵌在部落脈絡與文化系統中，部落性別文化可能使得家庭暴力被合理化，阻礙受暴婦女向外求助的機會。關心原住民族婦女受暴議題、並基於預防重於治療的概念，本研究依循培力原住民族婦女的文獻脈絡，培力10位泰雅族婦女參與部落家暴防治初級預防工作（Lokah方案）。Lokah方案以行動研究法進行資料蒐集，本文彙整培力方案的實踐過程，然後提出反思。以實踐面向而言，Lokah方案用以培力泰雅族婦女的作法包括「重視婦女對部落家暴發生原因的界定」、「尊重並借力使力教會信仰」、「共同命名」、「強化參與動機」、「鼓勵繪製反暴海報」、「支持提供團隊制服」及「持續性討論對話」等。婦女們接受培力後，自覺「感受自己能對部落有貢獻」、「成為部落家暴防治資源連結者」、「擴展在部落中的人際網絡」、「因為宣導，反求諸己」與「自我效能感提升」等能力提升。依據培力實踐經驗，本文提出3個反思議題，期能對培力原住民族婦女參與在部落的家暴防治初級預防工作有學術與實務的貢獻。

The occurrence of domestic violence in Taiwanese indigenous peoples is closely related to their colonial history. Furthermore, the tribes' gender culture and power structure may rationalize the occurrence of domestic violence and could stop victims from seeking help. Because of the concern of domestic violence problems in indigenous tribes which should be intervened in primary prevention stage, ＂Lokah program＂- a kind of program of empowering 10 Atayal women to participate in a domestic violence primary prevention work in a tribe in middle Taiwan-was undertaken. Using an Action Research approach, this paper explored the experiences of practicing ＂Lokah program＂. It is found that to empower these indigenous women, some interventions should be embraced, such as accepting the women's definition of domestic violence in tribes, respecting their religious belief, engaging them in a decision-making power of naming, enhancing their motivations, encouraging them to draw anti-domestic violence posters, supporting their decision of having uniform, and involving them in a continuously dialogue process. Participating in ＂Lokah program＂, these Atayal women found their capabilities were promoted, including: having contributions to their tribe, becoming the domestic violence prevention resource linker, expanding interpersonal network, setting themselves as an anti-domestic violence example, and having positive thinking on the ability to make change. This paper concluded with some reflections on the practices of ＂Lokah program＂.