台灣引水費結構合理化之研究

A Study on The Rationalization of Taiwan Pilotage Structure

在(1)簡化計算與(2)預算中立之限制條件下，本文以引水人從事引水工作所需資源、投入多寡研提只色含基本費與船身自總噸費率之引水費計算公式。本文將所需資源分為(1)勞務與(2)資本。在勞務方面，本文以(1)體力、(2)技術、(3)壓力、(4)知識、(5)危險、(6)判斷力、(7)時間等7個構面。在考慮引水人資本文出因素後，合併各港引水人勞務綜合指數與船柏總噸之關條式，所求之各港引水費公式，無法滿足預算中立之條件，且各港基本費與總噸位費率均不同。本文進而以非線性規劃模式修正勞務基本費，求得一共同噸位費率為:每百總噸31.5元。各港基本費則分別為:基隆港13,428元、高雄港10,760元、台中港10,390元、花蓮港3,732元。

Under the constraints of (1) computational simplification, and (2) budget neutral, a simple linear pilotage formula which includes basic fee and tonnage rate only is estab!ished in this paper. This formula is built on the relative resource based approach to charge for pilots' services. Resources input by pilots are divided by (1) labor (total work input performed by the pilots for each service), (2)capital (a share of tota1 overhead of their joint office). For estimating labor input, a pilot's work is defined by seven dimensions with equal weight: physical poweκ technical skill, psychological stress, knowledge, dangerousness, judgment ability and time. After considering capital input and the linear relationship between ship total tonnage and the pooled labor index, a pilotage formula for each port is derived. But they do not satisfy the constraints. Hence, we modify by a nonlinear programming model. The final formula contains a commom tonnage rate, NT$ 31.5 per 100 tonnage, and the basic fees for ports Keelung, Kaohsiung, Taichung, Hwaleen are NT$ 13,428, NT$ 10,760, NT$ 10,390, and NT$ 3, 732, respectively.