敘事護理學在護理研究、實務與教育的發展與應用：以護病溝通為例

Development and Application of Narrative Nursing in Research , Practice and Education: A Case of Nurse-Patient Communication

護理是一門從臨床實務技術發展為教育制度，再進而帶動學術研究的學科。護理類似醫學，因照護對象是人，自始即具人文本質。人文不僅始終是護理教育的核心，也是護理研究的重要主題。自醫學界開始反省過度醫療化的批判、改為強調以病患為中心並重視醫病溝通以來，護理學界也出現類似呼籲。晚近更有不少西方護理學者提倡將敘事觀點運用於護理研究、實務與教育上，逐步建立「敘事護理學」的新典範。然而，何謂敘事？以護病溝通為例，敘事觀點與傳統觀點有何差異？敘事在護理的研究、實務與教育上能帶來哪些啟發？本文透過文獻檢閱釐清上述問題，並嘗試提出敘事護理學的概念架構。

Nursing is a discipline which has begun as a clinical practice and been developed into an educational system and then promoted to academic research. Like medicine, nursing has displayed the humanistic nature since the beginning because of caring people as its duty. Humanities not only become the core of nursing education but also the main theme of nursing research. As the medical community had started to reflect on the critique of medicalization and emphasize a patient-centered care and doctor-patient communication, the nursing discipline followed the steps as well. Recently, many western scholars in nursing called for the narrative use in nursing research, practice, and education, establishing a new paradigm. However, what is narrative? What is the difference between the narrative perspectives and the traditional ones if taking nurse-patient communication as an example? What can narrative nursing inform us in nursing research, practice, and education? This paper is aimed to clarify these questions and tries to set up a conceptual framework of narrative nursing.