計畫作為許諾：人文創新與社會實踐計畫中的會議、國家話語、與社區行動

Planning as Promise: Meetings, the Language of the State, and Community Action in the Humanities Innovation and Social Practice Project

人類學一般將國家官僚行為的功能歸納為工具性和象徵性，前者強調國家施政的理性計算，後者著重在國家和當地原有文化分類的關係。以國家計畫為例，我試圖指出計畫還必須如同宗教許諾願景般的功用，引發人民情感的層面，讓其加入一個更大的意義秩序，甚至一同構建自己成為國家治理的一員。本文將以我參加的科技部「人文創新與社會實踐」計畫（2013－2016年）為例，描述計畫執行的三種鼓勵參與的會議型態，計畫團隊與補助單位的評鑑工作會議、計畫團隊內部的例行會議、計畫團隊與合作社區的交流會議。我將說明此計畫如何是當今誘發對未來憧憬的政策的一環；其次，在各種層次的執行上，許諾和現實的矛盾是如何顯現在各種行動者的協商和調整。本文希望說明會議（meeting）作為聚集不同性質行動者的場合，呈現出追求美好未來的政策構建了當下人們的身份、欲望，以及不滿。

Anthropology generally regards the state and bureaucracy as instrumental and symbolic, the former based on its utilitarian rationality, while the latter on its relationships with local culture. Taking the case of planning, I further point out that attention should be paid to its potency to conjure emotions among the people, and how it promises, much as a religion promises its devotees, to let people become part of a much larger meaningful totality, and more, willful agents of state governance. This article draws on my participation in the Humanities Innovation and Social Practice Project under the Ministry of Science and Technology from 2013 to 2016. It explores how the Project stimulates people’s engagement through three kinds of meeting: meetings between the funding agency and the Investigation Team, between members of the Investigation Team, and between the Investigation Team and collaborative groups. The paper first explores how planning develops into the mechanism of a promissory future; and second examines the gaps between the promise and the discontent that arises as a result of negotiations and attunements among various agents. Meetings are one way of materializing planning; they are an important venue through which we understand how the plan constructs and encounters different identities, desires, and anxieties when it promises a good future.