宮崎駿動畫作品召喚幼兒交流之敘事策略初探：以吉卜力工作室製作之「崖上的波妞」為例

Inviting structure and Narrative Strategies of Miyazaki Hayao's Animation: A Case Study of Ponyo of the Cliff by the Sea Produced by Studio Ghibli

美感反應乃讀者反應論重要議題，多探索讀者對文本迴響；較少聚焦藝術產製端以探索敘事者如何臆想特定觀眾美感反應、依此設置召喚式結構。本文以【崖上的波妞】為探索個案以細緻化產製端意涵，此作乃吉卜力首度以幼兒為訴求，召喚式結構涵括繪本風格般視覺元素、童謠般聽覺元素以建立熟悉感，異於美感須植基懸念及不確定點。研究建議，動畫敘事策略似難脫離美感經濟脈絡，異於無功利前提；亦可考量敘事者日常體驗以詳析產製端意涵。

In animation filed, Studio Ghibli gets great praises and appreciations. But in communication studies, few research pays attention to Studio Ghibli's narrative strategies or to analyze how they construct inviting structures to appeal audience. The author takes Ponyo of the Cliff by the Sea as an example of case study. Because Studio Ghibli has chosen their target audience as 8 year old children, and this moving picture is draw for young children by Miyazaki Hayao first time.The author finds inventing visual structure of Ponyo of the Cliff by the Sea including four levels, iconic elements, represented objects, semantic units and schematized plot. Especially in schematized level, Miyazaki Hayao and Studio Ghibli draw 170,000 handmade pictures to express fluid movements. From auditory structure, the theme song of Ponyo of the Cliff by the Sea not only has interesting rhyme, reduplication and word-like sound, but also sung by 8-year-old actress to create atmosphere of nursery themes and fairy-tales.To sum up, Studio Ghibli's image narrative strategies are as follows: first, simple storyline let young children to comprehend easily. Secondly, they use handmade drawing lines and bright colors constructing picture-book context. Third, themes are close to children's real world and famous tales.