臺灣茶葉產業結構與經營模式的轉變

The Transition of Tea Industry Structure and the Business Model in Taiwan

臺灣茶葉產業發展至今超過200年，是世界上茶葉品質最好的產區之一。本研究從茶業產業發展歷史、經濟、商業與人文脈絡，自史前時代（1624年之前）、荷蘭領臺時期（1624－1662）、明鄭領臺時期（1662－1683）、清國領臺前期（1683－1860）、清國領臺後期（1860－1895）、日本領臺時期（1895－1945）、中華民國領臺時期（1945之後）一直到當代，分析各時期茶葉產業的種植、製茶、配銷、進出口、貿易條件、產業鏈及產業經營方式的轉變。研究顯示臺灣茶葉產業具有相當豐富且深度的歷史與文化意涵，但是隨著台灣經濟結構的變化與國際競爭態勢的消長，本研究建議政府單位、業者產製茶葉之產業標準應嚴格制定與執行，更應該推廣消費者對茶業歷史與文化的認知，產銷業者應重視精緻茶與商用茶並進，以迎接新世代的茶葉產業新風貌。

Taiwan's tea industry has developed for more than 200 years and is one of the best tea producing areas in the world. This study covers the history, economy, business and humanity perspectives of the tea industry development, tracing from the prehistoric period (before 1624), the Dutch occupation period (1624-1662), the Ming Zheng period (1662-1683), the early Qing Dynasty (1683-1860), the late Qing Dynasty (1860-1895), Japan's colonialization of Taiwan (1895-1945), the Republic of China (after 1945) until nowadays, analysis of the tea industry in various periods of cultivation, tea refinement, distribution, import and export, terms of trade, industrial chain and industrial business model of change. The research reveals that Taiwan's tea industry has a rich historical and cultural connotation, but with the change of Taiwan's economic structure and the dynamics of international competition, this study suggests that the government and the industry standards for the production of tea should be strictly formulated and implemented, but also should promote consumers' understanding of the history and culture of the tea industry. Producers and sellers should pay more efforts to the development of refined tea and commercial tea to meet the new generation of global dynamic competitive tea industry.