國民中學學生數學成就表現之跨國比較：以TIMSS為例

The International Comparison of Achievement in Mathematics of Eight Graders Based on TIMSS Data

本研究採用國際教育成就調查委員會（IEA）所發展之國際數學與科學教育成就趨勢調查（TIMSS）作為研究分析之資料基礎，並且以資料包絡分析（DEA）以及麥氏生產力指數（MPI）等研究方法，對於臺灣與其他國家的國民中學學生數學表現良莠進行更進一步的評估。分析結果發現：1.根據DEA的分析結果可看出在三個時期中，臺灣的總效率相對其他各國都屬相對無效率的情形，但與2007年中臺灣的技術效率則達到相對有效率，而以色列與新加坡則是當前提升臺灣學生數學成就上可參酌的對象。2.根據MPI的分析結果則可看出，若以總要素生產力指標而言，並沒有國家在三個年度中有明顯成長的現象，但若以其他各項指標觀之，可知道有許多國家亦持續不斷努力提升學生的數學學習興趣、自信、評價以及成就，是以藉由從各指標的觀察，則能根據分析結果縮小範圍進一步確認以色列與新加坡為臺灣可供參酌學習的國家，是為臺灣當前欲提升學生數學學習興趣、學習自信、學習評價以及成就的具體學習標竿對象。

This study combined data envelopment analysis (DEA) and Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to evaluate and compare the achievement in mathematics of eight graders in Taiwan with other countries by using the data of Trend International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS). The results can provide information to improve teaching and learning in science and mathematics. The results indicate the following: 1. The analysis of DEA shows that the overall efficiency of Taiwan and other countries were all inefficiency, but the technical efficiency of Taiwan in 2007 was efficiency, and Singapore and Israeli are Benchmarking of Taiwan. 2. The analysis of MPI shows that Total factor productivity of Taiwan and other countries were all less than 1. But if we observed from others indexes of MPI, we could find that many countries were keep improving their interests, self-confident evaluation, and achievement in mathematics of students. And analysis of MPI could help make sure that Singapore and Israeli are Benchmarking of Taiwan.