社區成年民眾身體活動量、年齡與自評生理心理健康之關聯性

Relationships between physical activity, age, and self-rated physical and psychological health in community-dwelling adults

目標：研究欲探索：(1)社區成年民眾身體活動量與自評生理與心理健康的關聯性；以及(2)在不同層級的身體活動量中，年齡與自評健康為線性或U型曲線之關係。方法：研究參與者為社區成年民眾，於教育部體育署舉辦之國民體適能檢測站進行資料收集，包括人口學資料、身體活動量、以及自評生理與心理健康。使用階層迴歸進行統計分析。結果：研究共招募2,212位研究參與者，依照身體活動量區分為高中低三組。控制人口學變項後，高度與中度身體活動量的研究參與者在自評健康（高度Beta = 0.12，中度Beta = 0.20，p值皆小於0.001）、自評生理健康（高度Beta = 0.09，中度Beta = 0.17，p值皆小於0.001）、自評心理健康（高度Beta = 0.12，中度Beta = 0.19，p值皆小於0.001）皆顯著高於低度身體活動量者。在三組身體活動量，年齡皆與自評健康為線性正相關，年齡越大分數越高。結論：身體活動與年齡越高，社區成年民眾的自評生理與心理健康越佳。（台灣衛誌2021；40(1)：100-110）

Objectives: The aims of this study were to investigate whether (1) physical activity is significantly associated with self-rated physical and psychological health in community-dwelling adults and (2) associations between age and self-rated physical and psychological health are linear or U-shaped for various physical activity levels. Methods: The participants were community-dwelling adults, and data were collected from physical fitness exam stations operated by the Sports Administration, Ministry of Education. Demographic characteristics, physical activity, and self-rated physical and psychological health statuses were collected. Hierarchical regression was used for statistical analysis. Results: In total, 2,212 adults were recruited and divided into high, moderate, and low physical activity groups. After controlling demographic characteristics, adults in high and moderate physical activity groups had significantly higher self-rated health (high:β= .12; moderate:β= .20, both p < .001), self-rated physical health (high:β= .09; moderate:β= .17, both p < .001), and self-rated psychological health (high:β= .12; moderate:β= .19, both p < .001) than those in the low physical activity group. In addition, linear and positive relationships were observed between age and self-rated physical and psychological health in the three physical activity groups. Conclusions: Adults with high physical activity and old age tended to have good self-rated physical and psychological health. (Taiwan J Public Health. 2021;40(1):100-110)