檢察行政公益訴訟制度的效果檢驗與完善路徑

行政公益訴訟制度持續發揮治理實效的關鍵，應當是啟動地方橫向監督機制，而非消解制度發展的“國家化”。利用雙重差分法的實證檢驗表明，基於“國家化”路徑發展的檢察行政公益訴訟制度，在試點期間顯著降低了工業廢水的排放，發揮了治理實效。未來行政公益訴訟制度的完善路徑，不僅應注重以多樣化方式擴大社會主體參與，更為關鍵的應是繼續提升地方法院、地方檢察院對地方政府的獨立性和權威性。這要求將檢察行政公益訴訟實踐證明行之有效的工作策略上升為制度規範，加強地方橫向及縱向權力監督機制的“國家化”，以對沖法檢系統的“地方化”。

The key strategy to the continued effectiveness of administrative public interest litigation systems should be to activate the local horizontal supervision mechanism rather than to eliminate the ''state-centeredness'' of the system. Using a difference-in-differences(DID)estimation method, this paper reveals the administrative public interest litigation system, which is in the path of ''state-centricity'', has a significant negative impact on discharge of industrial wastewater during the pilot period. And the ''state-centered'' model has provided an important internal impetus for the successful establishment and the effective government performance of this system. The future improvement path of the administrative public interest litigation system should not only focus on expanding the participation of social main bodies in diverse ways, but also enhance the independence and authority of local courts and procuratorates over local governments, which requires turning the work strategies proved effective in practice into the institutional norms, in order to strengthen the ''state-centeredness'' of local lateral and longitudinal power supervision mechanism and to cope with the ''localization'' of the court and procuratorial system.