刑法軟性解釋的限制與增設妨害業務罪

罪刑法定原則在現代信息社會所面臨的衝擊超過以往任何時候。在審判實踐中，對利用電腦資訊系統妨害業務的行為大多以破壞生產經營罪定性，少數以破壞電腦資訊系統罪、非法經營罪處理。但是，破壞生產經營罪屬於使用物理上的有形力毀壞生產資料的侵犯財產罪；破壞電腦資訊系統罪對行為手段有嚴格且明確的限定；非法經營罪的認定則存在確定行為人違反國家規定的問題。在使用前述實行行為之外的其他手段妨害他人正常進行的業務時，司法上目前基於政策考慮進行刑法的“軟性解釋”以擴張處罰範圍，但這種見招拆招的做法始終面臨違背罪刑法定原則的質疑，使破壞生產經營罪、破壞電腦資訊系統罪、非法經營罪淪為“口袋罪”。為懲處形形色色利用資訊網路妨害業務的危害行為，填補過往立法“意圖性的法律空白”，降低罪刑法定原則所承受的壓力，有必要增設具體的妨害業務罪，以全面保護法益。

The principle of legality is facing more challenges in the modern information society than ever before. In judicial practice, most of the acts of obstructing business by using computer information system are charged of the crime of sabotaging production and business operation, while a few are dealt with as the crime of destroying computer information system or the crime of illegal business operation. However, the crime of sabotaging production and business operation belongs to the property crime by using physical force to destroy means of production. In contrast, the crime of destroying computer information system has strict and clear restrictions on the behavior means. The crime of illegal business operation has the problem of determining that the defendant violates national regulations. When using means other than the aforementioned perpetrating act to obstruct the normal business of others, the current judicial practice adopts the ''soft interpretation'' based on the policy considerations to expand the scope of punishment. However, this uncertain practice always faces the doubt that it may violate the principle of legality, which makes the crime of sabotaging production and business operation and the crime of destroying computer information system or the crime of illegal business operation become ''pocket crime''. In order to punish all kinds of harmful behaviors of obstructing business by using information network and fill the ''intentional legal blank'' in the current legislation, and to reduce the pressure on the principle of legality, it is necessary to add specific crime of obstructing business to protect legal interest in a comprehensive way.