智慧財產權保護的安全例外研究

《TRIPs協定》第73條對智慧財產權保護的安全例外進行了規定。在傳統的國家安全觀下，《TRIPs協定》第73條並無太大的適用空間。但隨著國家安全範疇的擴大，對《TRIPs協定》第73條的理解也需進行調整。對於國家安全例外，《TRIPs協定》從一般原則到具體制度均有適用的空間。“卡達案”引起了國際社會就智慧財產權與國家安全關係問題的激烈討論，其中就包括安全例外條款的援引問題，還涉及到是否適用WTO爭端解決機制、《TRIPs協定》第73條的性質、爭端的具體性質等問題。《TRIPs協定》第73條的適用應當遵循自裁決原則，但同時也要對其進行限制。在總體國家安全觀的背景下，我國應當從國家戰略層面關注智慧財產權與國家安全之間的關係，並進行相應的法律和政策調整。

Article 73 of TRIPs regulates the security exceptions of intellectual property protection. Under the traditional concept of national security, there is not much room for the application of Article 73 on security exceptions. However, with the scope of national security expanding, the understanding of the provision needs to be adjusted. According to national security exceptions, TRIPs can be applied from general principles to specific systems. The ''Qatar case'' has caused a heated discussion among the international community on intellectual property rights and national security, including the reference to the security exception clause, the application of the WTO dispute settlement mechanism, the nature of Article 73 of TRIPs, and the specific nature of the dispute. The application of Article 73 of TRIPs shall follow the principle of self-adjudication, which should also be limited at the same time. Against the background of overall national security, China should also pay attention to the relationship between intellectual property rights and national security, and make corresponding adjustments in law and policy.