廣電新聞訪問之機構情境與訪問設計

The Institutional Context of Broadcast News Interviews and Interview Design

要做好廣電新聞訪問，訪問者須掌握重要的機構情境。以往廣電新聞訪問機構情境研究，多聚焦於訪問互動形成的微觀「訪問情境」或影響訪問互動的鉅觀「社會及文化情境」，忽略訪問者在執行訪問之前，同樣面臨機構情境限制，並具有訪問設計的可能性。此階段的訪問設計不但影響實際訪問的進行，更凸顯訪問者的設計空間及能力，值得探究。因此，本研究與十位廣電新聞訪問者進行十九人次的深度訪談，從訪問者觀點出發，分析訪問者於執行訪問前的機構情境考量，並且研究其如何因應相關情境設計訪問。

It is essential for an interviewer to have the institutional context considered in order to operate a professional interview of a broadcast news. Concerning the institutional context of a broadcast news interviews, most research focuses either on the micro context emerging in the news interview or on the macro social and cultural contexts. Despite these valuable contributions, the previous studies have almost neglected the institutional context and interview design before interview. The interview design before news interview not only influences the interaction between the interviewer and the interviewee, but demonstrates the dynamic relationship between the structure and interviewers' agency. Under such circumstances, the aim of this study is to explore how news interviewers construct the institutional context of a broadcast news interview and design interview according to the context. Based on the in-depth interviews with ten broadcast news interviewers, this study analyzes the institutional context and interview design primarily from the perspective of news interviewers.