保價收購與政策改革對台灣稻作研究推廣支出影響之研究

Purchasing and Policy Reform on Research & Extension Expenditures of Rice Crop in Taiwan

保價收購與研究推廣支出分別具有掠奪性與生產性政策之意義，二項政策措施對生產者利益、消費者利益及政府財政收支均造成不同的影響程度與利益分配。本研究旨在檢視保價收購與研究推廣支出之政策搭配關係，並探討政府對於研究推廣的之低度投資問題，以認識未來臺灣稻米政策改革的內涵。依理論模型的推導，在封閉經濟之下，保價收購與研究推廣支出之間的確具有互補關係，且會出現低度投資的問題；但在開放經濟的貿易小國之下，則將出現研究推廣的過度投資問題。上述理論皆在實證上獲得支持。展望我國稻米政策因加入WTO，如何突破研究推廣的迷思，避免可能出現過度投資的問題，正考驗著未來的政策改革。

Guaranteed-Price Purchasing and Research & Extension expenditure have respectively meanings of predatory and productive policy. There are different influences and distribution effects on farmers' income, consumers' expenditure and government's budget. The purposes of this paper are to examine the co-policy relationship between Guaranteed-Price Purchasing and Research & Extension expenditure, to explore the under-investment of Research & Extension expenditure, for realizing the implications of rice policy reform in Taiwan. Based on the closed-economic results of theoretical derivation, it exists complementary relationship between Guaranteed-Price Purchasing and Research & Extension expenditure. The under-investment is also an inevitable problem. However, in a small open-economy, the expenditure on Research & Extension will be over-investment. The theoretical findings are consistency with empirical demonstration. Outlook the WTO disciplines, how to escape from the myth of Research & Extension is challenging the rice policy reform.