反恐措施與人類安全：「防禦、外交、發展」三面向的整合模式*

Anti-terrorist Measure and Human Security: An Integrated Three-dimension Model of Defense, Diplomacy, and Development

國際關係研究社群在分析國際衝突與安全研究，會採用不同的分析工具與模型，其中又以Kenneth Waltz（1959）所提出個人（individuals）、國家（states）與國際體系（international system）為主要的層次架構，並廣為國際關係學者奉為分析典範，彰顯層次就是行為解釋的效力所在。爰本文秉持層次分析理念，但有別於過往國際關係研究，提出一種人類安全（human security）思維的分析工具，以「防禦」、「外交」、「發展」三面向的整合模式，應用到國際事務之恐怖主義研究，並以1988年洛克比案（Lockerbie Case）為例，企圖勾勒起人類安全與恐怖主義研究之對話，論證反恐措施之落實來自人類安全之維護。

International Relations scholars adopt the different analytic tools and models in international conflicts and security studies. One possibility for research framework is to focus on Kenneth Waltz's levels of analysis (1959) in the international arena. The levels-of-analysis incorporates: the system, the state and the individual level that theorists use as analytic paradigm for explaining the behavior of actors in international politics. Hence, the authors grasp the principle of levels of analysis but adopting a new multi-oriented approach of 3-D (development, diplomacy, and defense) to analyze the study of terrorist in international politics; simultaneously, the approach is a ''toolkit'' that includes a central thought of human security and the application of human security for terrorism to demonstrate the maintenance of anti-terrorism measure on strengthening human security