美國在國際貨幣基金組織中話語權的生成路徑探析

An Analysis of the Generation Path of the Power of Discourse of the United States in IMF

在當今國際政治中，國際組織不僅為各國溝通交流搭建平台，而且為國際議題的研究和解決提供場所，是國際行為體中重要的組成部分。隨著大國在國際組織中角力的不斷升級，如何爭取更多國際話語權成為人們關注和討論的焦點。國際貨幣基金組織的建構，是完整體現美國金融貨幣話語主導權生成過程的典型案例，具有重要的研究價值。本文參考唐世平制度變遷的廣義理論，認為美國在國際貨幣基金組織構建中話語權的生成路徑為：提出基於不歧視的多邊主義和自由主義的新觀念；對英國、西方盟友和邊緣國家的多面向宣傳戰；爭奪制定國際貨幣基金組織構建規則的主導權；以美國偏好為核心頒布國際貨幣基金協定；對國際貨幣基金組織內部話語主導權的壟斷。希望以此為切入點，為我們深入瞭解美國在國際機制中話語權的取得提供參考。

In today's international politics, international organizations not only build a platform for communication among countries, but also provide a place for the research and resolution of international issues. They are an important part of international actors. With the escalation of powers' tussle in international organizations, how to strive for more international discourse has become the focus of people's attention and discussion. The construction of The International Monetary Fund is a typical case that fully embodies the generation process of the dominance of financial and monetary discourse in the United States, and has important research value. Referring to Shiping Tang's broad theory of institutional change, this paper holds that the way to generate the discourse power of the United States in the construction of IMF is: to put forward new ideas of multilateralism and liberalism based on non-discrimination; A multiaspect propaganda war against Britain, its Western Allies and peripheral countries; Fight for the lead in setting the rules for the international Monetary Fund; To promulgate the International Monetary Fund agreement with the American preference as the core; A monopoly of discourse dominance within the IMF. The author hopes to take this as a starting point to provide reference for us to have a deep understanding of the right to speak in the international mechanism.