公共電視國外節目播映之初探

Probing into the Broadcasting of Foreign Programs in PTV

公共電視在台灣，可謂一個異數。在眾多政治、財務、社會氣候的交互影響之下，從民國七十三年至今（八十三年春），也居然存在了近十年的時間。公共電視由一個政府的任務編組，到現在等待立法院二、三讀通過公共電視法以成立UHF的電視台，過程中各種意見湧現，其中對於節目的評論尤多。這是因為對大多數民眾而言，並弄不清體制的紊亂，也無法分辨政府電視與公共電視制度的不同。觀眾直接面對的就是節目。公共電視節目分成國外與國內兩大項目，再由其中去區分各種類型－－生態、戲劇、新聞、紀錄……等。國外節目在現在播出的廣電基金公視節目中，約佔有百分之二十五（每月視節目上下檔而稍有數字的更動）。在未來的公共電視台播出節目中，則因最終的節目表尚未曝光，還無法確定，但經由公共電視籌委會對外的說明文字中可看出，大約佔百分之二十左右。在公共電視整體的節目表現良窳評估上，國外節目精良與否？適當與否？也頗有影響力。國外節目百分之九十九是來自採購。公共電視製播組或公視籌委會均有司外片購買之專人，赴國外影片市場洽購選片，再經國內之加工程序－－翻譯、加工、剪接、排檔後播出。國外節目播出的目的，不外是採「他山之石」的作用。由於購買的均係「電視播映權」而非整體版權，只能播出無法複製、販售，且。國外電視節目製作機構－－或電視台，或獨立製片公司，在充裕的有合約時限的規定，所以價格自然比從無到有的自行製作要便宜許多資金及專業分工之下，經常有傑出的作品。對國內製作人而言，可開拓視野、觀摩多變的藝術呈現方式；對國內觀眾而言，則可以看到一些國內限於人力、物力無法拍攝的內容，以及不同的政治、文化觀點。然而，這些國外節目怎麼買？如何播？在過去九年多時光中產生過什麼問題？有些什麼觀眾的回應？如何使未來公共電視台的國外節目更精采，更能與國內節目相輔相成，造成公視節目真正的特色，都值得做一探討。由過往的回顧與現有的做法、相關法令的配合下，這個鮮少為人注意與提及的部份，如能以論文方式保留紀錄，也將是日後檢視公共電視問題、媒體外來文化之接納問題、觀眾收視習慣與滿意度問題等時，一個參考的文獻。

Public Television in Taiwan is a Peculiarity. From 1984 to now (1994) it survives under various political, Financial and social influences, for nearly ten years. Starting with being a governmental task force, PTV now waits the Legislative Yuan to pass the bill in order to set up a UHF TV station. During this prolonged process, opinions from every direction flux in, above all, the criticisms on programs. That is because most audience can not tell the differences between the governmental TV system and the public TV system, they can not even figure out the complexity of their operation. But actually what audience face directly is the programs. Programs of PTV can be divided into domestic and foreign parts. The propotion of foreign programs is about 25% in the current TV schedule broadcasted by Broadcasting Development Fund. And because PTV's Program schedule is still not on the table, the propotion of each kind of program can not be decided yet. But according to the referrence figure announced by the PTV Organizing Committee, foreign programs will take up 20 percent approximately. In most TV stations 99 percents of the foreign programs comes from acquisition. In PTV, there is a foreign programs division which sends buyers to different international program markets every year and select various kinds of programs. And then those programs will have gone through all the steps of post production-- translation, dubbing, editing, subtitling, finally, broadcasting. Usually TV stations only buy the broadcasting right under the condition of limits of the broadcasting periods and runs, so foreign programs are much cheaper than those produced by domestic production houses. Outstanding programs often come out from foreign production companies, TV stations and independent production houses attributing to their aboundant capital and professionalism. To domestic producers, foreign programs can broaden their scope, learn versatile artistic presentation; to native audience, they can watch something they could never see in local media, and at the same time, receive a different culture message carried in them. However, we must look deep into some issues like how to purchase and broadcast these foreign programs? In the past ten years, what kind of problems have happened? How audience have reacted? And most of all, how to make the foreign programs more exquisite, more relevant to domestic programs so that we can create a real Chinese PTV style? Through reflecting the past and recording the present, we believe this subject rarely mentioned and paid attention will be a worthy index for the future development of public television in Taiwan.