In this study, cyclic loading tests of embedded steel plate composite high-strength reinforced concrete coupling beams of shear walls are conducted to improve the performance of conventional reinforced concrete coupling beams. The proposed steel plate and beam composite, and steel plate end anchor design theory are verified. The test results show that the high-strength reinforced concrete coupling beam specimens composited with embedded steel plates with a span-to-depth ratio of 2 have no composite failure and end anchor failure. It is confirmed that the proposed design theory is reasonable and conservative. The specimens all showed a ductile failure mode and reached about 4% of the lateral drift capacity. This shows that the specimens have excellent ductility performance.