簡短處遇模式在藥癮治療上的應用──從評估、簡短處遇到轉介治療

The Application of SBIRT model on Drug Abuse Treatment: Screen, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment

近年來，簡短處遇（或稱簡短介入）模式已逐漸為人所廣泛運用，不同於過去藥癮處遇長期復原的概念，強調的是如何在有限的時間內，聚焦特定處遇目標而非期待個體廣泛性的改變。簡短治療需要由專業人員來執行，而簡短處遇則適用於不同機構、不同服務人員，只要透過訓練，熟悉相關內容流程便可實施；因此，無論是具有急迫性質的急診環境，或容納大量收容人的矯正機關，簡短處遇皆可適切發揮其功能與效益。本文主要介紹美國藥物濫用及心理健康部門（SAMHSA，2013）所倡議的SBIRT模式，簡言之，就是透過篩選、簡短處遇、轉介治療來提供藥癮者結構化、分類處遇相關服務的模式；同時，我們試著以3位藥癮者實際上接受此模式的服務歷程說明，來描述如何應用簡短處遇幫助其走出困境，最後則分享簡短處遇的多元應用現況。

In recent years, brief intervention has been applied widely and focuses on the treatment of some targeted subjects during a limited period of time, which is different from the long-term recovery resulting from drug abuse treatment before. Brief interventions can take place in various settings, and can be administered by a wide range of trained behavioral and healthcare providers, but brief therapy requires training in specific therapeutic modalities or professional licenses. No matter in the emergency department or the correction institution, brief intervention usually can perform its functions. This article mainly introduces the SBIRT model (Screen, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment, SAMHSA, 2013), which demonstrates structural, classified services, and help people recover. Also, we share some practical processes applied to three drug addicts, who had received brief intervention based on the SBIRT model and being to health.