精神科護理學的另類教學──以社區精神復健護理為例

Alternative Teaching in Psychiatric Nursing: The Example of Community Psychiatric Rehabilitation

精神科護理學是一門較抽象的學科，學生理解本就不易，再加上社會對於精神疾病污名化的關係，影響學生學習動機及學習成效，也讓初次接觸精神科實習的護生產生莫大焦慮。因此如何於課堂中提升學生學習興趣，導正對精神病人的看法，進而減輕實習前焦慮，實屬重要。本文分享以另類的實際情境教學，設計讓學生在課堂內、實習前直接接觸病人之體驗學習策略，透過在社區穩定接受精神復健之病人的課室分享活動，讓學生有機會與精神病人互動，藉此引導學生實境體驗精神病人的患病歷程，以印證學理，接受與同理精神病人，並得以減輕實習前的焦慮。

Psychiatric nursing is a relatively abstract thus difficult discipline for students to master. Moreover, the prevalent stigmatization of mental illness in society inhibits the learning motivation and effectiveness of nursing students in this discipline and increases the anxiety of these students during their initial psychiatric clinical practicum. The experiential learning strategy, which allows direct interactions between students and community-based patients enrolled in psychological rehabilitation programs, is discussed in this article. As patients share their illness journey in class, nursing students are better able to experience these patients’ sufferings and thus in a better position to clarify related knowledge, develop empathy, and ease self-perceived anxiety prior to beginning their psychiatric clinical practicum.