科系認同對管理學院大學生創業意圖的調節作用

Entrepreneurial Intentions of Management Students: Moderating Effects of Department Identification

本研究以計畫行為理論為研究架構，並以科系認同作為調節變項，探索管理學院科系認同對管理學院大學生創業意圖形成的機制中所擔任的角色。研究結果發現科系認同較高的群組，其創業意圖受到創業態度與創業自我效能之影響，而科系認同較低的群組，其創業意圖則會受到創業態度與創業環境支持所影響。至於科系認同在創業自我效能對創業意圖的影響關係中會有調節效果，進一步分析發現科系認同高低的兩個群組分別形成兩套不同的運作機制。此外，在比較科系間的差異後，發現工商管理學系學生的創業意圖顯著高於其他科系的學生，但科系認同卻顯著較低。經檢視系所核心能力與課程配置後發現，系所核心能力培養目標的差異可能是影響學生科系認同、創業自我效能與創業意圖的背後因素，但這是否就是科系認同對創業意圖造成調節效果的原因，則需後續更多研究投入。

This study employed theory of planned behavior as the research framework and utilized department identification as a modulating variable to explore the role of department identity in the formation of college students’ entrepreneurial intentions. After a comparative analysis of the models, the entrepreneurial intent of the higher-level department identification group was found to be affected by attitude and self-efficacy, whereas the lower-level department identification group was affected by attitude and social support. Students with different levels of department identification adopted different mechanisms to develop their entrepreneurial intentions. This finding was conducive to the improvement of entrepreneurship education in management schools. A further comparison between departments revealed that the entrepreneurship intentions of students from the business administration department were significantly higher than those of students in other departments; however, department identification was significantly lower than that of other departments. The results show that the differences in the core competence of the department may be the background factors that affect students’ department identification, entrepreneurial efficacy and entrepreneurial intention. However, whether departmental core competence is the reason why department identification has a moderating effect on entrepreneurial intentions warrants further research.