現階段南北韓統一政策之比較

South and North Korean Unification Policy: A Comparison

南北韓領導人於二○○○年六月舉行歷史性的高峰會談，並發表共同宣言，雙方同意透過自主和兩韓人民共同合作的方式解決統一問題，同意在南韓所提出的邦聯模式以及北韓所提出的鬆散聯邦式之間尋求共同點，透過上述架構致力達成統一。不過雙方對於統一的政策內涵和過程，仍然存在著重大的歧見，南韓所提出的「南北聯合」，類似西方國家的國協或邦聯，「南北聯合」並非國際法的主體，因此沒有最高立法機關，也沒有統一的軍隊，更沒有外交權限，它是南北韓在達成國家統一前的過渡機構。而北韓聯邦制的中央政府是國際法的主體，所有地區政僚的對外活動都必須受到中央限制，換言之，在對外關係上以一個國家的名義參與國際社會，在軍事上組織單一的民族聯合軍。由此顯示雙方的主張與立場南轅北轍，因此要達成國家統一的目標並非短期內可以實現。

The historic summits between the two Korean leaders on June 2000 produced the 'South-North Joint Declaration,' the new inter-Korea agreement. The South and North have agreed to resolve the question of reunification through the joint efforts of the Korean people.Acknowledging that there is a common element in the South´s proposal for a confederation and the North´s proposal for a loose form of federation as the formulae for achieving reunification, the South and the North agreed to promote reunification in that direction.The two Koreans unification formulas were the difference, in particular, between 'two states' and 'on state' that had long characterized the fundamental gap that the two Koreas have found to be difficult.