政黨理念與政治現實的碰撞：國民黨與民進黨財經政策之比較

When Ideology Hits Reality: A Comparison of the Fiscal and Economic Policy Orientations of the KMT and DPP

民進黨的屬性較接近使命政黨，而國民黨則是接近掮客政黨，換言之，相對於國民黨而言，要民進黨改變其理念，似乎有一定的困難度。在總統大選前，兩黨的財經政策可說是新古典主義與國家主義的縮影，但在民進黨執政半年後，其財經政策竟然逐漸與國民黨趨同，而不再有以往的新古典主義理念。本文首先提出台灣資本市場結構的特殊性，再比較國民黨與民進黨執政後的財經政策。我們發現國民黨的財經政策固然是因為股市結構散戶居高以及黨營事業與財團的結合，導致其不得不以國家力量干預資本市場；即使民進黨在執政之後，受到股市散戶結構的影響，為了鞏固與資本市場重疊的選票，包括調降銀行營業稅、國家基金護盤與振興房地產市場方案等，也都逐漸轉向與國民黨相同的國家主義。因此本文提出結論，在民主國家中，不論是何種政黨執政，其財經政策都會因市場的結構關係而引起質變。

This article discusses the difference in policy orientations between the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) and the KMT (Kuomintang). The initial assumption is that the policy decision process is affected by the external environment. Before the 10th Presidential campaign, the DDP pledged to adopt a neo-classical economic policy if elected into power. After becoming the rulling party in May 20, however, they simply continued KMT policies. We suppose that the particularity of the Taiwan stock market is the fatal factor what drove the DDP government to go back on its word. From the case of the DDP, we verify that even if the party is driven, the party will change its position if the external environment is not compatible with the party's ideology.