數位網路時代下媒體素養教育政策再思考

Rethinking Media Literacy Policy in the Digital Internet Era

教育部自2002年公布《媒體素養教育政策白皮書》以來，至今未再提出修正或新版的全國性媒體素養教育政策。然而，現今媒體環境已有相當大的改變，例如從社群媒體到自媒體，乃至新興的人工智慧科技，這些新科技的出現，意味著我們很難再用原有的框架去思考現今的媒體素養教育政策。因此，《媒體素養教育政策白皮書》實有必要修正及更新。本研究透過檢視媒體素養政策文獻和臺灣媒體素養政策回顧，對數位網路時代的媒體素養教育政策提出五個建議方向：一、重新思考「媒體素養」概念，解析新媒體環境生態；二、建立以「創用者」（prosumer）為主的媒體素養─符合現今數位脈絡，閱聽眾不只是被動的閱聽眾，已同時具備生產和接收的角色，因此在政策思維應朝此方向調整；三、建構數位網路時代的資訊判斷能力，以面對全球性的假新聞議題；四、人工智慧、演算法、大數據與傳播知能議題—同步培養防治面和積極面的相關媒體素養，避免再度落入保護主義式的媒體素養；五、建立一貫體系，培養完整師資與持續性的支持系統─政府各部門能通力合作，使媒體素養政策能更有效執行，同時從國家教育、高等教育和社會教育三方面著手，培育種子教師，以建立和培養強大的數位媒體素養教育網絡。

A white paper on media literacy policy emphasizing two focal points—liberation and empowerment—was released in Taiwan in 2002. These points appropriately reflected the media environment at that time and indicated the measures that the government should undertake to improve media literacy. However, due to the drastic changes in the digital environment, such as the dissemination of fake news and the use of artificial intelligence, this white paper policy should be modified to address this new environment. The aim of this study was to propose a future direction for media literacy policy. A literature review on media literacy policy demonstrated that the policy approach should include digital innovation. Subsequently, this study reviewed the nationwide media literacy policies implemented in Taiwan since 2002. The review results indicated that these policies gradually shifted focus towards the digital evolution of media but lacked the complete planning required to realize a coherent system. Consequently, this study suggested the following five feasible future directions: (1) shifting the focus of media literacy in policies and understanding the new media environment, (2) developing a concept of a media literacy-based prosumer, (3) developing information judgment literacy in the digital internet era, (4) focusing on the topics of artificial intelligence, algorithms, and big data, and (5) establishing a coherent system that cultivates qualified teachers and is sustainably supported. Finally, this study called for a new white paper to be urgently released.