連棟透天住宅於樓梯處設置不同屋頂導風板之自然通風效率研究

The Effects of Different Staircase Rooftop Baffles on Natural Ventilation Efficiency with Townhouse

連棟透天住宅因面寬狹窄，因此將樓梯間經常規劃於平面中段區位，無法有效對外通風採光，就建築物理環境的角度來看，確實有改善的必要性。而樓梯空間屬於住宅中垂直動線，連貫整棟樓層，其垂直路徑擁有操作風力通風的可能，若加以利用可改善空間換氣不良的狀況，亦可藉浮力通風達改善空間舒適環境及模擬環境。研究內容探討於旗山一棟既有建築透天厝案例，室內空間主要的討論對象針對受樓梯通風井自然通風影響效果較大者，經模擬計算結果，整體室內空間的自然通風效果主要還是受開口部影響，因此在研究模組探討上以導風板的導風角度及開口部變化來改善流場及環境舒適性為原則，而本研究所探討的研究模組，其模擬情境是為室內採風力換氣的情況下，探討裝設導風板後，透過導風板角度及其開口部變化對於室內採自然通風效益的影響，以貼近實際案例的應用狀況與導風板整合後自然通風的改善結果。結果表明，斜面樓梯頂部的通風井，在彈性與整合上能較好地控制開口的不同狀態，有效對應夏季通風與冬季處理，是採用自然通風效率的好方法。

 

Townhouses are generally narrow entrance and long distance of depth in building, withthestaircase often placed in the center of the floor plan, which means that the stairwell cannot effectively achieve external ventilation and daylighting.Considering about the living quality and physical environment, the condition of existing typical townhouseshould be improved. The staircase is theessential vertical path for residence that goes through the entire building and itis the possible path can be used to conduct building ventilation. If the staircase can be utilized for air exchange, the air quality in the building can be improved. At the same time, the effect of ventilation can conducted by Buoyancy ventilation to improve environmental comfort in different season. In this study, a typical townhousewas selected as study case, located in the middle position in a row at Qishan. The main discussion topic is the interior staircase ventilation well and the spaces that are influenced by natural ventilation. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was conducted to simulate and evaluate for ventilation efficiency. The results show that natural ventilation in the overall interior space by staircase ventilation tower is mainly affected by rooftop openings. Therefore, different types of the air baffles and angles can improve indoor airflow and environmental comfort. There were 9 scenarios based on three different type of ventilation baffle on the top of staircase. The air movement through indoor from open window to the rooftop were calculated by CFD with natural ventilation effects. In comparison with the original type of typical way, three angles of the rooftop baffle with on and off the wind deflector to simulate the summer and winter season for natural ventilation. The results show that the integrated way for slope raffle is better for controlling the different side of opening, and it is a good way to adopt the natural ventilation efficiency.