從美國起訴聯電案比較經濟間諜行為之防制－－域外管轄到組織體責任

Economic Espionage Act and the Indictment of UMC: Perspectives of Long-arm Jurisdiction and Corporate Criminal Liability

聯電及晉華公司在美被訴涉嫌經濟間諜等犯罪，突顯美國營業秘密刑事法律中的域外管轄、共謀犯及組織體刑事責任等法制，與我國刑法有明顯差異。國內企業拓展跨國商業活動時，因不熟悉相關法制而極易誤觸法網，形成企業經營的嚴峻法律風險。透過美國聯電案遭訴的重大代價，本文建議企業應致力於改善法遵文化及建立資訊安全管理機制，國內相關機關應正視我國營業秘密保護及執法法制之不足，設法建立完善之自然人及組織體刑事責任與執法程序法制，作為導正企業治理的缺失，促進企業形成正確的法遵文化之工具，進而保護企業營業秘密，並維護國家產業競爭力。

The United States’ indictment of United Microelectronics Corporation, Fujian Jinhua Integrated Circuit Corporation, and three employees highlights the differences between the trade secret criminal law systems of Taiwan and the United States, including long-arm jurisdiction, criminal conspiracy, and the corporate criminal liability. Corporations unfamiliar with these differences are more likely to violate relevant criminal regulations and thus face serious legal jeopardy when engaging in international business. This article suggests that, due to the huge costs of such liability, corporations should improve their legal compliance culture and establish information security management systems. Government authorities should pay attention to the defects in the trade secret protection legal and enforcement systems and should set up appropriate criminal liability and enforcement procedure systems that apply to both natural persons and organizations. Such regulations can serve as means of correcting corporation governance defects and promoting legal compliance culture in corporations. They can also help protect trade secrets and maintain domestic industrial competition.