主體政治與政治主體

Politics of Subjectivity and Political Subjectivity

在全球化潮流衝擊之下，世界各地出現了各種關於區域認同的主體論述，追求主體地位的政治活動帶來大量衝突。全球化推會者所預期的多元社會，與後現代作家所診斷的解構主義，均顯不足。本文從中國名家學說對主體政治的論述出發，探討名實相怨的現象，以濟當代學說之不足，並依此分析明治維新、酷兒認同、兩岸關係中的主體論述，歸納出因應主體政治所生焦慮的三種途徑：征服、隱藏、自殘，作為人們在全球化與後現代兩種潮流下，反思主體認同時之參考。

Politics of subjectivity has become a major concern in postmodern politics. However, postmodern politics is hardly 'post' modern to the extent that politics of subjectivity and related discussion existed in pre-modern China as far back as the Chou (Zhou) dynasty. This paper traces the parallels between the School of Logicians in the Spring-Autumn Period and the postmodern school of the late 20th century and argues for the reactivation of the epistemology of the School of Logicians. This school reveals the delicate difference among political subjects at different places and times. Three approaches of politics of subjectivity are identified and empirical cases are provided accordingly. They are 'conquering,' as in the Meiji Restoration, 'withdrawing,' as in queer politics, and 'othering/self-alienating,' as in Taiwan's China policy.