影響醫療機構工作人員接種流感疫苗意願之因素探討

The influence factors of influenza vaccination willingness in healthcare workers

流感疫苗之接種對於減少流感病毒的罹病率與死亡率有很大的影響，醫療機構工作人員能接種流感疫苗，將明顯降低受感染或傳染他人的機會，有助於避免院內群聚感染的發生。台灣醫療機構工作人員主動接受流感疫苗的意願不高，此研究主要探討南部某區域教學醫院影響醫療機構工作人員流感疫苗接種意願的關鍵因素。以問卷調查分析共歸納9項因素，再針對此9項因素進行區別分析，建立區別模型，用以分辨出各因素影響力。本研究發現，影響醫療機構工作人員接種流感疫苗意願最主要為「此次接種流感疫苗後身體的不適」、「過去施打流感疫苗的感受」及「在職場工作曾接種其他疫苗的經驗」等個人身體感受因素，其他還有「對流感疫苗的態度及認知」、「流感疫苗施打的廠牌」及「改變流感疫苗投予方式接受度」等。依此建議除了每年在流感病毒流行前需加強宣導，以提升工作人員的疫苗正向接受度，一套便利的疫苗接種流程也是需要的，且期望未來能提供其他的投予方式，以降低個人感受的不適反應。

This study tries to examine the key motivators and barriers that will influence influenza vaccination in the healthcare workers and identify modifiable factors that can improve immunization rate. A survey was conducted at a regional teaching hospital for healthcare workers in Southern Taiwan. Analysis was applied first to identify the key factors that reduce the vaccination rate. The reduced key factors were then explored to find the different impact weighting of the key factors on the willingness of influenza vaccination. The factors analysis results showed that there are nine important factors, the discriminant analysis indicated the most important key factors was the uncomfortable side effects during the year of vaccination, uncomfortable side effects before, and the experience of other vaccines. We should increase the strength of education to improve the influenza vaccination rate. The sense of security and convenience for the vaccination process are important. Providing another mode of administration to reduce feeling of discomfort may be another favorable issue for promoting vaccination.