機器人法律地位及其應有規範取向

The Robotic Legal Status and Its Reasonable Regulations

一九九六年人工智慧深藍（Deep Blue）擊敗俄羅斯西洋棋王Garry Kasparov，二○一六年google alpha go擊敗多數世界圍棋高手，可知人工智慧發展到自我預測、學習、修復、判斷能力。具有人工智慧的機器人，或有主張應同人類一般平等對待，甚至應賦予其人格權。不過，從生命體結構，感情與思維方法等面向觀察，尚未普遍接受機器人具有人格權，也許利用法人作為特定權利義務與責任歸屬較為適當。即使如此，具有法人格的機器人，仍有可能大規模毀滅人類生命，也可能作為剝奪個人自由、傷害身體的工具，安全性的考量，仍是使用機器人的主要規範原則。安全也會被要求擴及形塑一個平等無歧視的機器人社會，及早預防人類最重要的職業與生存，還有避免創造超人的社會。

In 1996, Deep Blue defeated Russian chess master Garry Kasparov. Twenty years later, google alpha go defeated most of the world’s Go masters, making people think that artificial intelligence can develop self-predicting, learning, repairing and judging. Robot with artificial intelligence, proponents claimed that should treat as equally as person in nature having rights under the law. However, from the structure of life, thinking process, it has not yet been formed that common accept robots with personality in nature, and perhaps accept “legal person” for robots with special terms under some fundamental rights, obligations and responsibilities are more appropriate. Besides, it is worth noting that human-robot integration should be regulated or even prohibited strictly in order to prevent creating a new but unequal society. At the same time, we shall do some efforts trying to resolve the issue of conflict of rights, especial in driverless car or drone. The safety standard and all the procedure processing shall be transparency to the public may be one of the best strategy to modify all the uncertainty law and regulation.