心智障礙者雙老家庭宜居城市之建構初探—以新竹市的試點社區為例

Building a Livable City for the Aging Families of Caregivers and Aging Adults with Intellectual Disabilities- An Innovative Practice in two communities in Hsin-Chu City

心智障礙者雙老家庭（有年滿35歲心智及精神障礙者及年滿65歲以上家屬之家戶，簡稱「雙老家庭」）面臨多重挑戰，但是針對雙老家庭所提供的社區服務卻付之闕如。提升社區之宜居性（livability）及建立宜居城市，以協助長者能落實在地老化，是國際趨勢之一，也是本文探討重點之一。為瞭解1.雙老家庭在地資源需求及資源使用現況，及2.建構雙老家庭宜居城市之重要影響因素，本研究本結構式訪談6戶雙老家庭（且提供後續服務），同時選定兩個新竹市社區發展協會進行宜居城市之試點培力，最後針對田野筆記進行內容分析。

 

本文有共有以下發現及反思：一、雙老家庭部分：1.社區資源之使用習慣仍須倡導、2.宣導不足可能導致排斥心態，及二、宜居社區建置過程之重要因素：1.社區共識的建立、2.社會資本之雙向累積、及3.政府角色之彈性與開放性。共有三個建議：提昇1.雙老家庭之社區融合及參與、2.志工培力與訓練之重要性、及3.跨部會之資源整合。

 

This article addresses, first, mapping these families’ unseen demands and ways to coping these demands in a local aspect and, second, identifying factors as well as issues regarding building a livable city for these families. Six families and two local community organizations were chosen as participants. As for findings, first, regarding these families’ demands and conditions: they were reluctant to rely on social resources, and lacking understanding of the idea of a livable city; second, the important factors includes 1. building community consensus, 2. accumulating social capital, and 3. increasing the flexibility of public sectors’ initiatives. Three suggestions include 1. promoting social inclusion and participation among these families, 2. accumulating social capital through training the communities’ volunteers, and 3. integrating various departments within the public sectors.