川普稅改背景下中國大陸資本利得稅制的完善

The Improvement of Chinese Capital Gains Tax System under Trump's Tax Reform

在當前世界經濟與國際稅收的背景下，完善中國大陸資本利得稅制具有重要意義。本文首先從市場價格、市場波動、市場投資活力、稅收收入這四個方面分析資本利得稅的經濟與社會效應。從稅法規定來看，中國大陸並未開徵獨立的資本利得稅種，對資本利得的徵稅規定主要存在於個人所得稅法、企業所得稅以及一些公告、通知之中。本文還梳理了美國對資本利得徵稅的基本規定，並對川普稅改方案及其可能產生的國際稅收影響進行分析。透過對比OECD成員國資本利得稅率水準，以及英國、加拿大、日本的資本利得稅法規定，提出完善中國大陸資本利得稅制的主要思路與具體政策建議。

Based on the current world economics and international taxation situation, the improvement of capital gains tax system has great significance. The paper first analyzes the economic and social effect of capital gains tax in the perspectives of market price, market fluctuation, market activity and governmental tax revenue. From the point of tax laws, China has not yet levied independent capital gains tax. The tax regulations of capital gains tax mainly exist in personal income tax law, corporate income tax law and some other announcements. The paper summarizes basic rules of capital gains tax in US and analyzes the Trump’s tax reform and its possible international taxation effects. Based on the comparison of tax rates of OECD members, capital gains tax in UK, Canada and Japan, the paper provides main thoughts and some policy advices on how to improve Chinese capital gains tax system.