探究弱勢新移民家庭兒童面臨空間排除的風險：質化GIS 的應用

Exploring Risks of Spatial Exclusion on Children Living in Vulnerable New Immigrant Families: The Application of GIS

傳統上，針對弱勢兒童的研究較缺乏以弱勢兒童主體脈絡進行論述。本研究強調兒童本身才是最瞭解自己生活及經驗的人，透過弱勢兒童的論述以獲取兒童自己認知的生活空間與日常生活經驗。因此，本研究目的在結合兒童主體的論述與質化GIS來探究弱勢新移民家庭兒童所面臨空間排除的風險。研究者除了運用兒童團體蒐集兒童所陳述的居住空間及行走路徑的相關資料，接著進入田野實地理解兒童居住區域的議題，以更貼近兒童所論述的狀況，使研究者在進行質化GIS繪圖及論述空間議題時更具有真實觀。研究發現首先論述兒童因為居住區域而影響到弱勢新移民家庭兒童主動參與社會活動的機會，甚至限縮活動範圍，因而面臨空間排除風險。其次，透過兒童論述的生活空間及在生活場域上可能面臨鄰里對新移民家庭不接納，以及生活路徑的侷限性，凸顯出空間排除風險中所論述的「缺乏生活資源取得的機會」。最後，本研究針對兒童做為研究的主體以及質化GIS運用在弱勢族群的生活空間議題進行討論，並對後續相關研究提出建言。

This research employs the concept of children as a social actor who is the one understanding their own living experiences best. The research conducted 29 children under 2 children's groups from vulnerable new immigrant families. The main theme of the research tried to explore how far children living in vulnerable new immigrant families faced risks of social exclusion under the usage of children's groups and qualitative GIS. Researchers used children's groups and filed-work to collect data and through GIS analysis presented in how vulnerable children's daily life and walking range to find out the deprivations of living resources and opportunitiesunder the consideration ofsocial exclusion. There are some findings: first, we learned that the second-generation identity of the new immigrant brought many restrictions, affected the opportunities to take the initiative, to participate in social activities, the limitation of walking range and even formatting the spatial exclusion under the narrowly living space and experiences.Second, the discussion of research method one is mainly on the issue of the ethics on working with vulnerable children. The other is focus on qualitative GIS research approach which is not for emphasizing difficult techniques, but for using GIS to clarify the real situation and raising the penitential issues in social work field and changing policy makings.