數位證據的載體、雲端與線上取證──搜索扣押與類型化的觀點

The Storage Devices of Digital Evidence, Cloud and Remote Collection-Search, Seizure and Their Categorization

本文針對數位證據的搜索扣押，透過類型化的方式，先區分「載體標的」與「資訊標的」，進一步藉此畫分三種類型：載體內的搜索；扣押，「雲端」的取證，以及不以介接載體為必要的遠端取證。第一種類型，規範應用基本上並無疑慮；第二種類型，則可透過解釋運用搜索；扣押的相關規範；第三種類型，因為干預的權利範圍過廣，且無法律授權，現行規範並不允許。本文並藉由上述觀點印證「虛擬實境」案例，討論實務運用並作出相關建議。

The digital evidence (acquired from search and seizure) has two aspects, “Storage Devices (e.g., hard drives)” and “Data (e.g., digitalized information)”. Base on this perspective, the collecting of digital evidence could be divided and categorized into three different types: 1. Reasonable searching and seizing storage devices (data stored within) is not generally prohibited. 2. “Cloud Searches” could be legitimate if legal texts are properly interpreted. 3. The remote collection of digital evidence (online searches) is not compatible with the law. More specifically, this article discusses not only the “Virtual Reality” cases but also provides practical suggestions according to the method mentioned above.