道德與民主：美國總統川普的就職為教育哲學帶來的挑戰與啟示   全文下載

Ethics and Democracy in Trump’s Era: Challenges and Insights for Educational Philosophy

在川普就任美國總統之時，世界上許多人對美國的自由和民主提出質疑，不知美國將何去何從。本文以美國哲學家和教育家杜威的理論來審視當今世界對道德和民主的衝擊和挑戰。這篇著作討論杜威的實用主義哲學及他所提出的建立能正面改變社會的民主所需要的前提 (Harrison, 1993)，同時分析道德在社會改革中的作用，侷限和應用的複雜性。正如老子精闢地指出，當人們討論道德的時候，道德已經丟失了。當今的挑戰是我們能否在現在這樣一個複雜多元的世界裡保持和發揚道德。更重要的是，我們是否能用杜威哲學的理論和實踐來鞏固和擴展世界上豐富多彩的多元文化，以及人類和全球的內在關聯。

With President Donald Trump at the helm of American democracy, many in the world are questioning what will happen to freedom and democracy. This paper will draw upon American philosopher and educator John Dewey to examine some major challenges for ethics and democracy within this contemporary context. His pragmatism will be presented as well as the preconditions for democracy necessary for positive transformative changes (Harrison, 1993). The paper will analyze the role of ethics in such process as well as the dilemmas and possible pitfalls. As Laozi insightfully points out when we discuss or evoke virtue it means that virtue has been lost already. The question is whether we can maintain and expand ethics given the complexity of today’s reality. More importantly, this paper will offer insights from Dewey’s educational philosophy and practices that are relevant to ensure cultural diversity and global interconnectedness.