國民小學校長幸福感之探究

A Study of Elementary School Principals’ Well-Being

幸福感是正向心理學的重要研究課題，近年來，幸福感已連續三年被列為臺灣博碩士論文引用最多的主題之一。在現代民主社會中，國小校長必須承擔來自多方面的要求，其工作飽受壓力，近年來國小校長退休趨年輕化，人數增加。國小校長幸福感的研究有其重要性，與國小校長留任有重要的關聯。本研究採取質性詮釋現象學探究取向，選擇13位國小校長進行深度訪談，透過主題內容分析以探析國小校長的幸福感。本研究發現：一、正向思考是國小校長必備的條件，難免出現負面思考，定期從事休閒活動，有助於情緒調節；二、國小校長對工作投入是基本態度，許多校長曾產生浮流經驗；三、國小校長需具備使命感，讓校長職位充滿價值與意義，才能帶動成員的熱情；四、國小校長推動校務發展需要維繫良好公共關係，真誠、信任的關係是重要的；五、國小校長工作可以自我實現，產生成就感及尊榮感，並擁有幸福感。

Well-being is an important topic for positive psychology. In the past three years, well-being has become one of the most cited topics in a number of theses and dissertations in Taiwan. In a modern democratic society, being an elementary school principal is a demanding and stressful job. Recently, the average retirement age of elementary school principals has been decreasing, while the number of retirees has been increasing. The well-being of elementary school principals is a topic worthy of research since it is closely related to the retention of elementary school principals. In this study, hermeneutic phenomenology was adopted as the research method, in which in-depth interviews were conducted with 13 elementary school principals, and a content theme analysis was conducted to analyze their well-being experience. First, the findings of the research show that positive thinking is a prerequisite for elementary school principals. Occasional negative thinking was unavoidable; therefore, elementary school principals should regularly engage in leisure activities to regulate their frame of mind. Second, devotion to work is a fundamental attitude for elementary school principals, and many of them have had flow experiences. Third, elementary school principals must have a strong sense of mission, equipping their jobs with value and meaning so that they can arouse the passion in the other members. Fourth, in terms of school development, good public relations, especially sincerity and trust, are indispensable to elementary school principals. Fifth, the job of elementary school principals can (a) be self-fulfilling, (b) offer a sense of achievement and honor, and, in turn, (c) make them possess a sense of well-being.