台灣日治時期「刑事訴訟」近代化之探討

A Study on the Modernization of Taiwan Criminal Procedure During the Japanese Colonial Period

晚清政府基於「馬關條約」（1895）將臺灣、澎湖割讓給日本，而開始日本統治臺灣長達五十年（1895-1945）的歷史；同時，也開啟臺灣法制的近代化，而揮別傳統中國的中華法系之體制；身為近代法制一支的刑事訴訟法制，亦隨之而演化與變遷。在日本統治臺灣五十年期間，歷經十九位總督，而分成「軍政時期」（軍法統治時期）與「民政時期」；「民政時期」又分為民政時期之前期（殖民統治時期）與後期（內地延長時期）；在此不同三個階段之統治期間，亦分別形成其刑事程序法；因此，本文即在探討日治時期三部刑事程序之演化與其特色，並於結論時，論及其刑事法制近代化之意義。

Following the Treaty of Shimonoseki (1895), the late Qing dynasty ceded the islands of Taiwan and Penghu to Japan and the Japanese colonial rule started to reckon for fifty years (1895-1945), and meantime Taiwan juridical system departed from the traditional Chinese system and commenced modernization. The local criminal procedure system, being part of the modern laws, therefore evolved and advanced. During the fifty years of Japanese colonial rule period, Taiwan was ruled by 19 Governor-Generals. The Japanese colonial period is politically distinguished into three stages of military governance (martial law applied) and the colonial rule period and period of applying Japanese laws. It is noteworthy that the criminal procedure code for any of three stages was formed separately. Therefore, this article studies the evolution and characteristic of criminal procedure code on each stage of Japanese colonial period and opines in conclusion sec- tion the meaning on the modernization of Taiwan criminal procedure code.