刑事案件分流機制再探——對協作式司法的效率價值分析

Review on Dispersion Mechanism of Criminal Cases—On Efficiency Value of Cooperative Justice

在本輪司法改革中，有關司法人員分類管理的舉措對實務部門產生了較大影響，其中較為突出的問題是如何在最大程度上緩和案多人少的矛盾。為有效解決這一問題，顯然刑事案件分流程式仍是較為可行的做法。儘管學界對諸如刑事和解、辯訴交易在內的刑事案件分流曾進行過深入探討，但法律移植的本土化背景缺失仍會使國外的經驗難以適應我國司法實踐。因此，在程式分流機制的改革中，需要通過更深層次的司法理念的轉變以促進制度改革，而達瑪什卡所提出的協作式司法理念，恰可以通過推動刑事訴訟參與主體角色轉變的方式，進行公安、司法機關之間縱向的協作與程式分流，並在各階段充分發揮基層組織的作用，進而在維護司法公正的前提下進一步提升司法效率。

In the current judicial reform, measures on classification management of judicial personnel caused great influence on practical departments, one of the protruding problem is how to greatly alleviate the contradiction of less people and more cases. In order to solve such contradiction, undoubtedly dispersion mechanism of criminal cases is one practical measure. Although the law circle once made profound study on dispersion of criminal cases, such as criminal reconciliation and plea bargaining, lacking of localization background for legal transplantation will make it difficult for foreign experience adopting to China’s judicial practice. Hence, in the reform of dispersion mechanism, transformation of deeper judicial ideas can promote system improvement. Under the judicial idea of cooperative justice put forward by Damaska, through pushing the role transformation of litigate participants, procedural dispersion mechanism will also get improved consequently and then, further promote judicial efficiency on the premise of ensuring substantial justice.