解除權及其行使的比較法論

A Comparative Consideration on the Right to Terminate the Contract

解除權人的確定因解除事由的類別不同而不盡相同，合同因債務人違約而解除，雖然原則上債權人享有解除權，但在不能履行等個別情況下也應承認債務人擁有解除權。對於解除權的不可分性，德國、日本和臺灣的民法及其學說均予肯認，中國大陸現行法尚付闕如，應當有條件地予以承認。債權人向債務人解除合同的通知，所依據的事由為A，但於訴訟階段又將解除事由改換成B，只要B或A符合約定的或法定的解除事由，就應當確認合同已被解除。

Which party who has the right to terminate contract, dependents on the different circumstances. When the obligorbreaches the contract, the obligee has the right to terminate the contract in principle. However the obligor also has the right to terminate the contract in some particular circumstances, e.g. it is unable to perform a contract. In Germany, Japan and Taiwan’s civil law and its doctrine, the right to terminate contract is indivisible, this indivisibility should also be recognized conditionallyin Chinese civil law. The obligee notifiesthe obligor to terminate the contract upon the cause A, then modify the causeinto B in thelitigation stage, either A or B complies with the termination causes in law or agreement, the contract should be confirmed has been terminated.