社會網絡、組織公民行為對教師心理幸福之影響――助人為快樂之本！？

The Effects of Social Network and Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Psychological Well-being: Helping Others is the Source of Happiness!?

教師是否如同「助人為快樂之本」所言助人能樂在其中？教師組織公民行為對心理幸福影響又為何？本研究也在社會網絡分析中特別探討寵物提供了安全感、被關心的感覺、被愛與被喜歡的感覺等社會支持的因素。從過去文獻中發現，「飼養寵物」能製造社會支持，心理較幸福。然而，研究者未見國內有關這方面的研究。本研究根據「2008年臺東縣全體教師普查」的資料進行路徑分析，以探究教師的背景因素透過社會網絡、組織公民行為對心理幸福影響的因果機制。研究結果顯示，臺東縣教師社會網絡對心理幸福的正向影響遠大於社經地位，飼養寵物能降低憂鬱感。在組織公民行為方面，有利學校與同儕行為愈多，會增強成就感；運用課餘時間改善教學行為愈多，雖會增加憂鬱感但是也同時會增加成就感，以及降低人際疏離感，正面影響大於負面影響許多。因此，本研究大致支持「助人為快樂之本」。

It is an old saying that helping others is the source of happiness. The role of teachers is to help others. What is the effect of teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior on their psychological well-being, that is, whether the teachers could find the same satisfaction as depicted by the old saying. In the literature, keeping pets could inform a sense of safety and intimacy to provide social support, such as a kind of feeling of being loved. It is worth to explore this influential mechanism. This study analyzed the survey data in the “Taitung Teachers Census in 2008.” By means of a path analysis, the purpose of this study is to explore the causal mechanisms of teachers’ background in influencing their sense of well-being through social network and organizational citizenship behavior.
This study demonstrates that the effect of social network on psychological well-being is larger than social economic status. Teachers could promote their psychological well-being by improving their social network. It is worth noticing that teachers who keep pets show lower retard melancholic feelings than the others. In addition, for organizational citizenship behavior, teachers who interact positively with the school and their peers demonstrated an increase in their sense of achievement. Even more, when teachers invest their time for professional development after school hours, their sense of achievement is also increased whereas feelings of melancholy and interpersonal isolation are decreased. Moreover, the positive influence is far more than the negative one. Therefore, this study approximately supports the saying that helping others is the source of happiness.