Power of Pedometer : 以計步器發展學生動態生活型態之析論

Power of pedometers: A literature review on a pedometer-based approach to improve physical activity in students

缺乏身體活動是全球性公共健康議題，從國小到高中青少年階段，學生的身體活動量逐漸下滑，將造成健康威脅。因此，如何在學校中發展學生動態生活習慣，更顯得格外的重要。現今的研究越來越普遍以計步器為基礎，加以介入來促進身體活動量，此種符合成本效益與健康促進的方法，值得大力推廣。本文主要探討計步器在身體活動量促進之效益，針對計步器對學生身體活動量之測量、計步器在體育課的身體活動量之研究、應用計步器提升身體活動量之實證研究，以論述計步器應用在動態生活養成上之可能性。本文文獻綜論發現計步器能夠有效測量學生的身體活動量，如應用在體育課程上將可以對學生身體活動量有一定程度的貢獻，因此，計步器結合身體活動自我管理策略，透過目標設定與行為監控，可以有效提升學生身體活動量。計步器的使用對個人身體活動產生正面效益，教師在教學上可以善加利用，以培養學生動態生活型態。

Physical inactivity is a global public health concern. However, physical activity gradually declines in students from elementary schools to high schools. Physical inactivity could result a kind of healthy threat. Therefore, a physically active lifestyle should be encouraged in schools. Pedometers have been used to assess physical activity in children and adolescents, and pedometer-based strategies are increasing used to improve physical activity. These strategies are cost-effective and have important health benefits. This paper describes the use of pedometers to improve and measure physical activity level in students, and describes empirical research findings of the outcomes of the use of pedometers to enhance physical activity level. Our findings could help improve understanding of the developments in the application of pedometers in improving physical activity levels in students. This literature review showed that pedometers could be used to effectively measure students' physical activity, and that physical education encourages and improves physical activity in combination with pedometers and self-management, which includes goal setting and behavior monitoring. Pedometers are associated with health benefits that involve improvement in physical activity level; hence, pedometers should be used in physical education to encourage a physically active lifestyle and improve physical activity level.