休閒生活對於職家衝突的調節效果

The Moderating Effect of Leisure Life on the Relationship between Work-Family Conflict and Adaptation

本研究旨在探討以休閒參與作為職家衝突因應策略之作用。首先，探究職家衝突對家庭滿意度、工作滿意度、身心健康的影響，再以休閒參與為調節變項，檢視個人在面臨職家衝突時，以休閒參與作為因應策略，是否對職家衝突與後果變項的關係產生不同影響。除休閒參與外，本研究也觀察休閒滿意度及家庭休閒是否也調節職家衝突與後果變項之間關係。
本研究採便利抽樣，以全職工作者為樣本，在不同產業、不同組織進行問卷施測，共回收630份有效問卷。以階層迴歸分析了解研究變項之效果，研究結果顯示「職家衝突」與「家庭滿意度」呈顯著負相關、與「工作滿意度」呈顯著負相關，與「身心健康」為顯著正相關，意即當職家衝突越高，家庭滿意度越低、工作滿意度越低、身心越不健康。「休閒參與」在「職家衝突-工作滿意度」的關係中有強化的調節效果、「休閒滿意度」在「職家衝突-工作滿意度」的關係中也具強化的調節效果、「家庭休閒」則在職家衝突與三個後果變項的關係中都不具調節作用。
研究結果顯示，以休閒生活作為職家衝突的因應策略須特別注意正負向效果相抵銷的現象。對於低職家衝突者，休閒生活有益於提高工作滿意度、家庭滿意度及身心健康；然而，對於高職家衝突者則需要對於職家衝突之性質以及休閒生活對工作之干擾層面多予瞭解，避免休閒生活成為逃避職家衝突之消極策略，而使得個人更無法盡心盡力於工作或家庭問題的處理。

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of leisure life as a coping strategy on work-family conflict (WFC) and its consequences. We tested whether leisure participation, leisure satisfaction, and family-based leisure moderate the relationships between WFC and its consequences. Convenience sampling method was adopted, and 630 questionnaires filled out by full-time employees were returned from a variety of organizations in different industries. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that leisure participation as a coping strategy exacerbated the effect of WFC on job satisfaction. Likewise, Leisure satisfaction exacerbated the impact of WFC on job satisfaction. Family-based leisure showed no moderating effect on any of the relationships between WFC and its consequences. Our findings suggest that although leisure life is benefitial for job, family life, and mental health, contradictory results between leisure and adaption when WFC is higher must be taken into account.