創新政策擴散之制度性因素：以「閱讀起步走」計畫為例   全文下載

The Institutional Factors of the Diffusion of Innovative Policy: The Case of Bookstart in Taiwan

本研究以「閱讀起步走」計畫在臺灣公立鄉鎮市圖書館之間擴散為例，檢視制度性因素與圖書館採行決策上是否有關。「閱讀起步走」計畫於2003 年開始在沙鹿圖書館執行，是一個增進親子共同閱讀的創新計畫。本研究針對全臺鄉鎮市圖書館進行問卷調查，檢視圖書館在管制面、規範面、文化／認知面的制度因素對採納決策的影響。研究結果顯示，管制面與規範面兩項制度因素對「閱讀起步走」計畫的採行與否有顯著的預測力，其中如權威、獎懲、控制等管制性制度為相對穩定的因素；但價值觀、社會責任或社會角色期待等規範性制度因素，其影響力因上級機關非強制性的推廣而削減。至於類似組織因相互參考、學習、模仿而趨同的文化／認知性制度因素，在本研究案例中未發現顯著影響。

Using the diffusion of adopting the Bookstart program among public libraries at the township level in Taiwan, the present study aims to examine the effects of institutional factors on innovative policy diffusion among public organizations. The main research purpose is to understand how the decisions of adopting the program are affected by the three broad categories of institutions, namely regulative institutions, normative institutions, and cognitive-cultural institutions. The findings show that regulative and normative institutions are significant predictors of the likelihood of adoption. Regulative institutions such as authority, control, reward and punishment are relative stable predictors. Normative institutions such as values, social responsibilities, and social expectations are more effective to the extent that regulative institutions are not present. The cognitive-cultural institutions such as imitation, referencing, learning, or mimicking are not significant predictors of adoption in this case.