歐盟被遺忘權的概念發展——以歐盟法院Google Spain v. AEPD判決分析為中心

The Evolving Right to be Forgotten: An Analysis of ECJ's Google Spain v. AEPD Decision

在傳統思維框架下，個人資訊的保障主要是在防止未獲當事人同意、欠缺正當事由或是逾越原始目的之必要範圍的個資處理。已合法公開言論（如新聞報導）的散布並不在管制之列。然而隨著網路永恆記憶成為現實，公開資訊逃脫了原先由存取成本所制約的生命週期，法學界也就開始重新思考，應否在新穎的科技實然之上擴張個資保障的範圍。
前述思索並非只有理論上的趣味，歐盟近年來一直存在著把被遺忘權實定法化的政治嘗試。因此本文就選擇以歐盟的現實脈絡為本，介紹歐盟個資保障規範的演進，藉此分析歐盟法院2014年Google Spain v. AEPD判決的規範背景及其論理特色，並在最終指出法院見解所反映出來的，對於網路資訊架構以及網路時代人格權的認知與描繪。

The aim of traditional protection of personal data is to protect the data subject against unconsented, illegitimate and unnecessary processing of his or her personal data, which does not include distribution of legally published speech such as news articles. However, when the eternal memory of internet became reality and prolonged or even destroyed information lifecycle, legal scholars began to reconsider the definition and scale of personal data protection in the internet age.
This issue is not only theoretically interesting in the scholar milieu. The European Union is actually making efforts to extend personal data protection to the right to be forgotten in the last five years. Therefore, this article is focused on the EU context and tries to clarify the development of the concept “the right to be forgotten” by analyzing the background and arguments of Google Spain v. AEPD, the landmark decision European Court of Justice (ECJ) made in 2014. In this way, this article points out the future of personality right in the internet age that the ECJ envisions.