台灣公立美術館館長專業職能初探

An Exploration to the Directors’ Professional Competencies of Public Fine Arts Museums in Taiwan

企業視「職能」為取得競爭優勢的關鍵因素；鑒於「新公共管理」之盛行，各國政府莫不效法企業經營以增進服務效能。我國人事局自2004 年起始為公部門中高階主管建立核心職能，當中包含管理與專業職能兩個面向；我國公立美術館館長作為美術館之典藏、展示、教育與保存之引航者角色，其專業職能與美術館營運發展息息相關，卻至今未見有關指標。過去文獻對於我國公立美術館館長之討論，多半關注在行政與政治的面向；仍未有研究，據時代趨勢之館長職務定位轉變，探索其專業職能內涵。故，本文蒐羅美術館管理有關文獻，以比較研究法與「冰山」職能理論析究之。研究結果：一、較之美、法兩國，我國公立美術館館長專業職能之要求仍有所不足；二、參現今美術館發展趨勢，提出館長專業職能之同心圓；三、以「冰山」模型歸結館長專業職能的有關內涵與面向，以供參考。

Enterprises take competencies as key factors in competitive advantage. In consideration of the trend in “New Public Management”, there is no government around the world that haven’t emulated the spirit of business management to improve their service efficiency. Taiwan Directorate-General of Personnel began to establish core competencies which are involved management and professional competencies for middle and senior supervisors at 2004. The director of Taiwan public fine arts museums is a vital role to direct their staff members to reserve, exhibit, educate and collect through art objects；their professional competencies must be highly relevant to the developments and functions in fine arts museums. However, there is still not any indicator about them. In the past, the discussions of Taiwan public fine arts museums directors were concerned about political and administrative. There is no research about the change of public fine arts museums directors’ role in new trend, exploring their professional competencies. For discussing these issues, this research will search the documents about fine arts museums management. By the method of comparative research and the “Iceberg model”, which analyze what they would be and their necessary items. The following results: first, comparing with the director qualifies of America and French, Taiwan public fine arts museums directors’ professional competencies aren’t completely；second, providing a concentric circles model of Taiwan public fine arts museums directors’ professional competencies, which were taken into consideration on the nowadays trends in museum; third, with “Iceberg model” to propose the dimensions and items of the directors professional competencies in Taiwan fine arts museums for reference.