論美國著作權法定形式制度於我國著作權登記制度立法之啟示

Rethinking the Legislation of Copyright Registration in Taiwan —Learning from the U.S. Experience with Copyright Formalities

我國著作權法於1998 年全面廢止著作權登記制度之多年後，鑑於網際網路等新興科技為著作權所帶來之嚴峻挑戰，各界再度反思著作權登記制度相對較強之公示與存證能力對保障交易安全及維持交易秩序之貢獻與重要性。此思潮雖日漸活躍，2010 年文化創意產業發展法亦率先於第23 條恢復部分著作財產權質權登記之制度，惟時至今日，著作權法對全面恢復著作權登記制度之立法尚持保留態度。對比美國過去雖面臨伯恩公約禁止以任何形式影響著作權之要求，仍於其著作權法典中保留著作權登記等法定形式之規定，箇中難以割捨之法律價值何在？值得進一步觀察。時值我國對著作權法進行全面檢討之關鍵時刻，本文欲以美國著作權法之態度與經驗為借鏡，藉由探究美國著作權登記、存證與標示等法定形式規範內容及誘因之介紹，分析美國著作權法定形式制度之優缺點，進而尋求該制度對我國著作權登記制度立法之啟示。

A few years after the provisions of copyright registration in the Taiwanese Copyright Law had been abolished in 1998, people in Taiwan have started to think about putting the system of copyright registration back in the Copyright Law again due to its contribution and importance to the transaction security and market order. In 2010, the Taiwanese Law for the Development of the Cultural and Creative Industries took the lead in providing the provisions for registrations of pledges on copyright originated from the cultural and creative industries. The Taiwanese Copyright Law itself, even so, is not willing to completely readopt the system of copyright registration. The U.S. Copyright Law, comparing to Taiwan, steadfastly preserves copyright formalities even though it has to confront the severe pressure from the Berne Convention. Is there any inalienable value that the Law must retain? This article will look into the provisions of copyright formalities in the U.S. Copyright Law, analyze the merit and the demerit which copyright formalities have, and further bring forth suggestions for the future legislation on copyright registration in the Taiwanese Copyright Law.