族群認同與文化外交：以日本關西崇正會為例

Ethnic Identity and Cultural Diplomacy: A Case Study of Tsung Tsin Association of Kansai

台灣的外交事務長期以來是以外交部、僑務委員會等公部門為行為主體，但隨著海外客家族群認同意識的興起，以及客家委員會的成立，在部分地區如東南亞國家、日本等地開始出現不同的外交模式：一種以族群認同為核心，以文化認同為助力所形成的文化外交模式。本研究以日本客家社團關西崇正會為例，其所建構的平台為台灣的外交活動帶來直接外交效益與間接外交效益。前者是透過相關活動的參與，一方面強化社團成員之間的族群認同，另一方面是透過交流活動的引薦，為不同社會經濟背景的與會成員，擴展其包括私人外交情誼的社會網絡關係；後者則是透過文化活動的族群特色，呈現出具特色的宣傳內容，並以直接參與、媒體報導等方式，間接強化了台灣文化的吸引力與影響力。

For quite some time, public sectors such as MOFA and OCAC were the main actors of foreign affairs in Taiwan. However, a brand-new cultural diplomacy mode which was based on ethnic and culture identity was occurred in South-Asia and Japan since the arising of Hakka’s ethnic identity and the establishment of HAC. For Example, the Tsung Tsin Association of Kansai brought out direct and indirect benefits for Taiwan’s diplomacy. The former is that it could strengthen members’ ethnic identity through association activities, and explore the social network for members through communication activities. The latter is that it could make an attractive propaganda by ethnical activities, and improve the attraction and the influence of Taiwan by the direct participation and the media report.